composition shoot

Norman Parkinson 
21 April 1913 – 15 February 1990
 English portrait and fashion photographer. 
Birth name Ronald William Parkinson Smith.
Born in London.
He began his career in 1931 as an apprentice to the court photographers at Speaight and Sons Ltd. 
In 1934 he opened his own studio together with Norman Kibblewhite.
In 1947 he married the actress and model Wenda Rogerson. 
From 1945 to 1960 he was employed as a portrait and fashion photographer for Vogue.






             
Paul Strand 
October 16, 1890 – March 31, 1976.
 American photographer and filmmaker.
His diverse body of work, spanning six decades, covers numerous genres and subjects throughout the Americas, Europe, and Africa.
Strand was born in New York City.
In his late teens, he was a student of renowned documentary photographer Lewis Hineat the Ethical Culture Fieldston School.
Some of this early work, like the well-known "Wall Street," experimented with formal abstractions.
Over the next few decades, Strand worked in motion pictures as well as still photography.
In June 1949, Strand left the United States to present Native Land at the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival in Czechoslovakia. The remaining 27 years of his life were spent in Orgeval, France where, despite never learning the language, he maintained an impressive creative life, assisted by his third wife, fellow photographer Hazel Kingsbury Strand.
Strand married the painter Rebecca Salsbury in 1922. He photographed Rebecca Salsbury Strand frequently, sometimes with uncommonly close compositions. After divorcing Salsbury, Strand married Virginia Stevens in 1935. They divorced in 1949; he then married Hazel Kingsbury in 1951 and they remained married until his death in 1976.

Image manipulation

My collage

Collage

I like this collage because the gramophone has many different patterns on which makes it look creative.

Collage.

I am going to base my mood board around the theme of an ice rink. To inspire me i have researched David Hockney and to create this I will take several pictures the same theme, which is ice rinks. 

i took a range of photos of an ice rink and then created this collage of an ice rink with the images i took. 

To create this collage I used a vary of different images with textures        

Digital Image Capture and Editing.

Digital Image Capture & Editing

Tuesday 6th January 2015

Basic Mac Introduction

Turning the Mac ON.

Most of the time the MAC should be already on but will be asleep, to activate it press any key and the screen should appear. Sometimes the MAC could be turnt off and t turn it on there is a button of the bottom left of the computer at the back. then screen should then turn on. When the screen is on, a box shall appear asking you for a student ID and Password. Enter this information correctly and you should be logged on. 

PERSONAL COLLEGE STORAGE

My MAC space usage.

On the MAC I have my own storage space where I can save all my documents, pictures and anything I need to keep safe. I can find this in my hard drive on the desktop named as my student ID number. My hard drive has a 10Gb memory and I can just drag and drop my work and it will be saved into the hard drive straight away but must save to the desktop first. In the MAC Suit, 6 E 22D,  your personal space will be on any MAC in the suite and any computer but only you can access it with your login details. 

I SHOULD NOT SAVE TO THIS ICON WITH MY STUDENT ID ON IT AS THIS WILL ONLY SAVE WORK TO THAT PARTICULAR COMPUTER.

It is always best to save your work to another memory stick just for extra back up and also save it to another computer incase anything happens to the MAC or memory stick. 

Differences between Macs and PCs

1- A  PC has a different interface and hard drive. 

2- What you can see on the Mac desktop and Dock is everything that you need to access all that you want.

3-If the Dock is not viewable you could move the cursor to the bottom of the screen and the Dock should appear.

In the Dock it will have recent and regular software you have used and any documents that are open, which will be sent by clicking the yellow button. 

Coloured buttons at the top of the open documents

Clicking on the Red button Closes that document

Clickingon the Yellow button sends the document to the dock

Clicking on the Green button either makes your document fit the screen or will make it smaller to access documents that are also open.

External hard drives USB sticks etc.

When you plug in a hard drive or memory card or stick it will show as another drive on the desktop

Re-naming youe memory stick will help someone return it as it will have your name on it. To rename any fie or memory stick, click the cursor slowly twice in the current name and re-name it when it is highlighted. 

Downloading images from camera to a Mac.

The easiest way to connect a camera to a Mac is with the camera’s USB connector, the camera will then show as another drive on the desktop.

·       If  you double click on this Icon, then open the DCIM folder, an image folder will be inside, you could drag and drop the image folder to the desktop to download.

Another way of getting the images is by taking the memory card out of the camera and inserting it into a card reader connected to the Mac with a USB connect. This will also show as an external drive on the desktop where you will find a DCIM folder and my image folder within.

·       Some Macs have card reader on the right side of the computer, insert your SD card into this slot.

·     Some software issues are recommended to avoid.

·     To Download an image from the internet you should hold down the Control button whilst clicking on the image required, then choose ‘Save Image As’ and select desktop as the destination.

·      

Finding software that is not in the dock

All software that I require but cannot be found in the dock will be found in the applications folder within the hard drive icon on the desktop.

I can manage what software I want to have on the dock by dragging the software icons from the application folder to the dock. I can take software icons off of the dock by simply dragging it from the dock to the desktop.

If I am required to Right Click as on a PC mouse.

On a PC you might be asked to right click the mouse for options.

On a Mac with only a one click mouse instead of right clicking the mouse You would instead hold down the Control Key and click the mouse for those same options.

Hard Drives

PCs have lots of drive options (E drives F drives I Drives etc)

Macs only have the one Hard drive that you will find on the desktop,

and all applications and documents can be found within.

Archiving My Work (Malleable and Permanent)

There are two ways to archive my work.

1.     to store my work on an external or internal hard drive or USB sticks. This is called malleable archiving as I can go back and carry out alterations to my work and re-save in the same place.

2.     I can burn my work to a DVD or CD This is called Permanent archiving as I cannot alter the files and save them back to the disk once burnt.

Printing documents in The Mac Suite.

If I have a document open that I wish to print I would simply go to File > Print

This dialogue box will open

I Ensure that the printer selected is COBC Colour or COBC Mono

I would also ensure that I am printing on the right size of paper, to do this I would click the “Page Setup” button 

When this dialogue box opens

I Ensure that the paper size is correct and that once again I would format for either COBC Colour. Or COBC Mono

When I have clicked OK I will be asked for my password

Although my name may be in the ‘Name’ box I should change this to my College ID number

my password is the password I use for all log ins.

If I intend to be at a computer printing many documents I would tick the ‘Remember this password in keychain’ box, this will stop the password request from popping up.

Logging off

I should always remember to log off from the computer when I have finished working at it, this prevents other students from accessing my work, and printing on my print credits especially if I have ticked the remember my password box.

Copying and Pasting

Copying and pasting is simple on a Mac, I just need to select whatever I want to copy then either go to Edit from the top toolbar and select Copy. The shortcut is the Command  (Apple key) button and the letter ‘C’

Pasting is simply placing the cursor into what-ever document I want to paste to then either select Edit from the top tool bar and celect Paste, or shortcut by clicking Command (Apple key) and the letter V.

Screen Grabs

Screen Grabs are simple on a mac.

Whole screen shot

If I want to take a whole screen shot I simple hit simultaneously Shift key – Command Key and the number 3 from the top row

Part screen grab

If I want a part screen grab I simply hit simultaneously Shift Key – Command and the number 4 from the top row, A marquee tool appears and I then select the part of the screen I want screen grabbed.

Dragging and Dropping

Copying files and folders to another place on my desktop is simple

I can select single files or whole folders and simply drag them from their original place into another folder or to another drive that is plugged in and shows on the desktop

Releasing External Devices

Before I pull any IUSB external devices from the Mac I should release it by either Clicking on the device whilst holding the Control key and selecting eject, or simply dragging the item to the Trash in the dock.

If I don’t release an external USB device correctly I could lose or corrupt file that I may have open.

Print Resolution.

For printing images as photo quality print resolution should always be set at 300 PPI

For images to be sent as e-mails or web sized images these should be set at 72 PPI

PPI stands for Pixels per inch and should not be confused with DPI which stands for Dots Per Inch and is related to the dots that a printer makes on the paper.

Cards Readers allow me to download images from my camera to the Mac or any computers, most card readers read a variety of types of cards, SD Compact Flash, Mini SD cards, USB sticks, etc.

Paper Weights.

Most of the paper we use is the paper weight of 80GSM (GSM stands for Grams Per Metre, and relates to the actual weight of 1 meter of paper)

Photographic paper should be anything above 220 GSM but 240 GSM is the general weight of ordinary photographic Paper.

Generally, cheap Non photographic Printers cannot print on paper above a certain weight of GSM therefore cannot print on Photographic paper.

Photo Printers can also generally print at a higher DPI (Dots Per Inch) than everyday cheap printers.

Histograms

Histograms show me information regarding my image and its exposure. I can change the exposure of an image by simply sliding the lower sliders left or right. (The ri
ght side of the histogram is the white part of the images gradually changing to the black side of the image on the left of the histogram)

Lossy and Lossless files

The main difference between lossy and lossless files is that Lossy image files will always compress the information within that file to save memory and space on the drive that it is saved on, unfortunately the effect of this is that the file looses digital information every time it is saved.  JPG files are lossy files

The affect of repeatedly saving a lossless file is that the file will – over a period of time – loose information to such a degree that the image will start to appear with digital noise ie graininess.

Lossless image files are files that will not compress when saved thereby keeping all the information in the file when closing. Photoshop Files and Tiff files are lossless.

File Formats

JPG(JPEG)

What do the letter stand for?
Joint Photographic Experts Group

Why would you save images in each of these file formats?
You would save images in this file format because it's viewable by all and can be used for print and the web.

What is Lossy and Lossless in regards to the file formats?
Everytime a JPEG image is saved it looses detail within the picture which means the picture becames fuzzy.



GIF

What do the letter stand for?
GIF stands for Graphics Interchange Format.

Why would you save images in each of these file formats?
The GIF format is particularly suited to rendering images that contain large blocks of the same colour, or large blocks of repeating patterns.

What is Lossy and Lossless in regards to the file formats?

BMP

What do the letter stand for?
BMP stands for Bitmap.

Why would you save images in each of these file formats?
The BMP format is a commonly used raster graphic format for saving image files. It stores colour data for each pixel in the image without any compression. This method of storing image information allows for crisp, high-quality graphics, but also produces large file sizes.

What is Lossy and Lossless in regards to the file formats?
The BMP format is both lossless and uncompressed.

TIFF

What do the letter stand for?
TIFF stands for Tagged Image File Format.

Why would you save images in each of these file formats?
TIFF files are a good option for archiving intermediate files which you may edit later, since it introduces no compression artifacts.

PSD

What do the letter stand for?
PSD stands for Photoshop Document.

Why would you save images in each of these file formats?
 A PSD file is a layered image file, it's the default format that Photoshop uses for saving data. PSD is a proprietary file that allows the user to work with the images individual layers even after the file has been saved.



TGA

What do the letter stand for?
TGA stands for Truevision Graphics Adapter. Also referred to as TARGA, which stands for Truevision Advanced Raster Graphics Adapter.

Why would you save images in each of these file formats?
TARGA was the first group of video cards for IBM compatible PCs that supported TrueColour display, which had been intended for use with professional image and video editing.

What is Lossy and Lossless in regards to the file formats?
TGA files can be opened by most image editing software, from Microsoft Paint to Adobe Photoshop.


PNG

What do the letter stand for?
PNG stands for Portable Network Graphics

Why would you save images in each of these file formats?
it's a file format for image compression that in time, is expected to replace the GIF format. Like a GIF, a PNG file is compressed in lossless fashion.

What is Lossy and Lossless in regards to the file formats?
an image in a PNG file can be 10 to 30% more compressed than in a GIF format.

Analogue Source Scans

I chose 2 images from an magazineand scanned them. I then screen shot the scanner settings (to record notes of the resolution and image scan size). 
Below is a screen grab of the scanner settings. I chose this image because the colour would stand out the the plain black background.

I opened the image in photoshop and I then duplicated the layer so I could work on the layer copy instead of the background layer, this is so if I made any mistakes I could go back and redo the mistake. Next I added a layer mask to the layer copy, then went to image-adjustments-desaturate. This made the image black and white. Then I chose the brush tool and chose the soft brush and changed the size of the brush to 100. I made sure the colours were black on top of white, then brushed over the parts of the image I wanted in colour. The first image below is the original image I scanned. The second image is the edited version.

                           

I opened the image in photoshop and cropped the image to get rid of un-wanted bits. I then duplicated the layer so I could work on the layer copy instead of the background layer, this is so if I made any mistakes I could go back and redo the mistake. Next I added a layer mask to the layer copy, then went to image-adjustments-desaturate. This made the image black and white. Then I chose the brush tool and chose the soft brush and changed the size of the brush to 100. I made sure the colours were black on top of white, then brushed over the parts of the image I wanted in colour. The first image below is the original image I scanned. The second image is the edited version.

Copyright

Who owns the Copyright of a Photograph?
A photograph is classed as a Art and the Photographer who created the picture owns The Copyright of the image or the company owns it if the Photographer is in the employment of that company, and takes the photograph as a part of his/her contractual duties.